Plant medium culture could be understood as a method in which we can grow plarts of plants, such as seeds, embryos, organs, cells or protoplast, in a medium that is conditioned with needed nutritions under a germ-free condition. According to which part of a plant is used, the plant medium cultures are divided into embryo culture, organ culture, cell culture, protoplast culture and pollen culture, etc. Since its development in the 19th century, this

relatively new kind of reproduction method has been gradually advanced until now. In fact, the fields of its use also have been expanded, being used in such fields as horticulture, agriculture, food, medicine, and so on.
Compared with conventional ways, plant medium culture requires much less space to grow plants in, and it cuts the cost greatly. These facts allow us to have more price competitiveness.
As the tissue culture methods are advanced, it has been much easier to obtain somatic hybrids, sexual reproductions, or quasi-sexual reproductions by regenerating a complete plant from protoplast or cell of a plant.

When we use these kinds of culture methods, as in protoplast culture, we could overcome the genetic barriers to make new types of plant individual. Plant breeders, geneticists, molecular biologists and other scientists are conducting studies related with various culture methods.
A lot of studies on these methods, such as those which apply o medicine, the second metabolite extracted from plant or animal tissue, are being conducted.